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Ethiopia - Complex Emergency Summary (FY 2016)

Core Content

The document outlines the humanitarian situation in Ethiopia during FY 2016, focusing on the impact of drought and the response efforts by the U.S. Government and other international actors. It highlights the increasing number of people requiring emergency food assistance, the activation of crisis response mechanisms, and the multi-sectoral approach to address food security, nutrition, health, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) challenges.

Key Statistics

• 8.2 million people required emergency food assistance in October 2015 (GoE).
• 15 million people are expected to require emergency food assistance by early 2016 (UN).
• 53,400 people were displaced by drought between July and October 2015 (IOM).
• 142 priority one hotspot districts required urgent nutrition interventions (GoE, August 2015).

U.S. Humanitarian Funding

USAID/OFDA Funding (FY 2015 & FY 2016)

• Total: $19,255,631
• Sector Breakdown:
  • Nutrition: 48%
  • Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH): 26%
  • Health: 7%
  • Humanitarian Coordination & Information Management: 7%
  • Agriculture & Food Security: 6%
  • Logistics Support & Relief Commodities: 6%

USAID/FFP Funding (FY 2015 & FY 2016)

• Total: $245,930,400
• Modality:
  • U.S. In-Kind Food Aid: 100%
• Key Contributions:
  • Provided 105,700 MT of emergency food assistance valued at $58 million to CRS/JEOP.
  • Supplied 26,000 MT of emergency food commodities valued at $19 million to WFP.
  • Provided 22,700 MT of emergency food commodities valued at $20 million to WFP for refugee support.

Key Developments

• Drought Impact: Multiple consecutive seasons of below-normal rainfall, exacerbated by El Niño, have worsened food security and nutrition conditions in northeastern and central Ethiopia.
• Population Displacement: IOM reported 53,400 people displaced between July and October 2015 due to drought.
• Government Response: The GoE committed over $200 million to address emergency food and humanitarian needs and distributed 6,800 MT of maize by November 2, 2015.
• USAID/FFP Commitments: USAID/FFP committed $97 million in new humanitarian assistance and is supporting WFP and other partners to reach 3.5 million people with emergency food assistance.
• PSNP Activation: The GoE authorized over 50% of the 2016 PSNP contingency budget to address acute needs during the lean season.

Nutrition Interventions

• 142 priority one hotspot districts required urgent nutrition interventions as of August 2015.
• 37,200 cases of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) were treated in September, which is 20% higher than any previously recorded September.
• USAID/OFDA provided $8.7 million in FY 2015 for nutrition programs and continued support in FY 2016.
• 3,600 MT of corn soy blend plus (CSB+) valued at $2.1 million was provided to support nutrition interventions.

Health and WASH

• 14,500 measles cases were confirmed between January and September 2015, affecting 200+ locations.
• The GoE began measles vaccinations in priority districts, targeting 5.3 million children under five.
• Drought conditions limited access to safe drinking water, with 1.8 million people likely to lack access by early 2016.
• USAID/OFDA supported WASH interventions in several districts through the WASH Rapid Response Fund, providing $250,000 to CRS, IMC, and COOPI.

Other Humanitarian Assistance

• $17 million from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) was committed to WFP for emergency food assistance and nutritional supplements.
• Donors committed over $120 million between September 30 and November 16, 2015, but only 7% of the $228 million required for food and nutrition interventions was secured by November 18.
• Total USG Humanitarian Assistance: $346,970,150, including:
  • USAID/OFDA: $19,255,631
  • USAID/FFP: $245,930,400
  • State/PRM: $81,784,119

Context and Background

• Drought Impact: Ongoing drought since 2010 has led to crop and livestock losses, exacerbating food insecurity and malnutrition.
• Complex Emergency: Ethiopia faces a complex emergency due to drought, seasonal flooding, intercommunal conflict, high food prices, and limited access to health and WASH services.
• U.S. Disaster Declaration: On October 7, 2015, the U.S. re-declared a disaster for Ethiopia in response to the ongoing crisis.

Funding and Partnerships

• Implementing Partners under USAID/OFDA include GOAL, IRC, OCHA, SC/US, UNDSS, FAO, UNICEF, and WFP.
• State/PRM supported various programs, including nutrition, psychological support, and livelihoods, with ACF, CVT, NRC, and others involved.
• USAID/FFP funded CRS/JEOP and WFP with significant amounts of emergency food assistance.

Conclusion

Ethiopia is experiencing a complex emergency driven by prolonged drought and other socio-economic challenges. The U.S. Government has committed substantial funding to support humanitarian response, with a focus on food assistance, nutrition, health, and WASH interventions. The situation remains critical, with the need for continued international support to address the growing humanitarian needs.