2013年-世界发展银行全球_City_Planning_Labs___A_Concept_for_Strenghtening_City_Planning_Capacity_in_Indonesia_143页_5mb

Summary of CITY PLANNING LABS: A Concept for Strengthening City Planning Capacity in Indonesia

Core Content

The City Planning Labs (CPL) concept aims to enhance the capacity of Indonesian cities to engage in integrated, evidence-based spatial planning and investment decision-making. This initiative is designed to support sustainable and inclusive urban development by addressing the lack of technical and institutional capacity in urban management, particularly in the context of rapid urbanization.

Indonesia has experienced significant urbanization, with an average annual rate of 4.2% between 1993 and 2007, placing it among the fastest urbanizing countries in Asia. By 2011, 51% of the population lived in urban areas, and this is projected to rise to 68% by 2025. Despite this growth, Indonesia has not achieved the same level of economic returns from urbanization as other Asian countries, which typically see 6–10% GDP growth per 1% urbanization, compared to only 2% in Indonesia.

To address these challenges, the Metropolitan and Urban Development Program (MUDP/P3N), supported by the World Bank and Australian Aid, introduces the CPL as a strategic tool to improve urban planning and management. The CPL is envisioned as a central hub for analytical work, covering multiple sectors including spatial growth, economic competitiveness, slum management, climate resilience, and land market monitoring.

Main Objectives

The CPL has three main objectives, depending on the timeframe:

Short Term

• Provide "just in time" data and analysis to support immediate urban planning and management decisions.
• Streamline ongoing urban management functions, such as building permits and tax-related processes.

Medium Term

• Offer cost-effective analytics to inform planning and investment decisions, reducing the need for external consultants during each planning cycle.

Long Term

• Build local technical capacity by integrating expertise from both Indonesian and international sources.
• Reduce external involvement over time as local capacity strengthens.

Key Sector Modules

The CPL operates through five sector modules, each targeting specific urban challenges:

A. City Planning Labs & Spatial Growth Analytics (Core Module)

• Pilot Cities: Surabaya, Palembang, Denpasar, and Balikpapan.
• Key Activities:
  • Establishing the City Planning Lab.
  • Spatial growth and change analytics.
  • Planning enforcement support.
• Outputs:
  • Geospatial database.
  • Reports on spatial accessibility, urban expansion trends, land value impacts, and infrastructure demands.
  • Pilot of a new permitting decision support platform.

B. City Economic Competitiveness

• Target Cities: Two cities.
• Key Activities:
  • Economic competitiveness review.
  • Capacity building for economic planning and decision support.
• Outputs:
  • Economic competitiveness dashboard.
  • 2–4 public-private dialogue workshops.

C. Slum Analytics and Management Systems

• Target Cities: Two cities.
• Key Activities:
  • Data collection and analysis on slums.
  • Development of slum management strategies.
• Outputs:
  • Slum Information Database.
  • Reports on slum formation processes and prevention strategies.

D. Climate and Risk Resilient Planning Systems

• Target Cities: Two cities.
• Key Activities:
  • Integration of disaster risk data into geospatial databases.
  • Customization of the InaSAFE tool based on local needs.
• Outputs:
  • Risk-sensitive micro zoning maps.
  • Reports on disaster and climate risk drivers.
  • Recommendations for resilient land use and infrastructure planning.

E. Monitoring Land and Real Estate Markets

• Target Cities: Two cities.
• Key Activities:
  • Land market assessment.
  • Real estate data collection and analysis.
• Outputs:
  • Cadastral real estate database.
  • Land and property market assessment report.
  • Housing segmentation study.
  • Impact analysis of infrastructure projects on real estate values.
  • Hedonic pricing analysis to explain spatial value variations.

Methodology and Approach

The CPL operates using a modular approach, with each module addressing a specific urban challenge. The methodology involves:

1. Data Gathering: Collecting both new and existing data.
2. Data Integration: Inputting data into an integrated cross-sectoral data platform.
3. Data Utilization: Using data in ongoing urban management functions.
4. Data Analysis: Conducting in-depth analysis to inform planning and policy.
5. Collaboration with City Leaders: Supporting city leaders in using data insights for decision-making.

The Ministry of Public Works (MPW) plays a central role in coordinating the national-level implementation of the CPL, while local governments and agencies will manage the Lab’s operations. The World Bank and Australian Aid provide donor support for the initiative.

Implementation and Timeline

• The CPL will be implemented in four core cities initially, with two additional modules in each.
• The program will involve dedicated staff from local government agencies and external experts with long-term commitments.
• The World Bank Jakarta Office will oversee the project, with Thalyta Yuwono as the Task Team Leader.
• The project is expected to achieve self-sustainability within two to three years through the strengthening of local technical capacity.

Key Challenges and Risks

• Limited technical capacity in local governments to analyze urban growth and manage data.
• Inefficient resource allocation due to poor data sharing and coordination.
• Unreliable data and analytics hinder effective policy design and enforcement.
• Economic volatility in cities reliant on sectors such as oil, tourism, or manufacturing.

Mitigation strategies include building data platforms, enhancing institutional coordination, and fostering partnerships with academic and research institutions.

Conclusion

The City Planning Labs represent a transformative approach to urban planning in Indonesia. By combining data analytics, technical capacity building, and institutional collaboration, the CPL aims to improve the efficiency, sustainability, and inclusiveness of urban development. This concept is aligned with the National Midterm Development Plan (RPJMN) and the Masterplan for Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesian Economic Development (MP3EI), and is supported by the World Bank and Australian Aid. The initiative is designed to be demand-driven, modular, and sustainable, with the ultimate goal of empowering cities to make informed, evidence-based decisions for their future growth.