2024-02-22-世界卫生组织-Strengthening_services_for_NCDs_in_all-hazards_emergency_preparedness,_resilience_and_response_13页_500kb

WHO Report Summary: Strengthening NCD Integration in Emergency Preparedness, Resilience, and Response

Date of Report: February 2024
Key Focus: Enhancing noncommunicable disease (NCD) services in emergencies through improved preparedness, response, and resilience mechanisms.

1. Background

• NCDs (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, respiratory diseases) significantly exacerbate health risks during emergencies.
• PLWNCDs (people living with NCDs) face heightened vulnerability due to disrupted access to care, medication shortages, and stress.
• Despite progress, NCDs remain poorly integrated into emergency plans compared to infectious diseases.
• COVID-19 highlighted systemic failures in NCD care during health crises.

2. Core Findings & Recommendations

A. Strengthening Surveillance and Health Intelligence

• Integration into Health Systems: NCD data should be collected in facility-based systems (e.g., DHIS2) to guide emergency preparedness.
• Mobile Assessments: Conduct rapid surveys (e.g., WHO's STEPS) in acute emergencies to quantify NCD burdens.

B. Community Protection and Engagement

• Meaningful Involvement: PLWNCDs must participate in emergency planning and service design.
• Capacity Building: Train community health workers in NCD triage, referral, and self-care support.

C. Safe and Scalable Care Delivery

• Primary Care Integration: Use the WHO NCD kit as an entry point for integrating NCDs into primary care during crises.
• Task-Shifting & Telehealth: Expand roles of non-specialist workers, leverage digital tools (e.g., telemedicine, apps).

D. Ensuring Resilient Supply Chains

• Priority Lists & Buffer Stocks: Define essential medicines/labs and preposition standardized kits for rapid availability.
• Procurement Strategies: Harmonize regulations and engage suppliers for emergency-scale production.

E. Enhancing Emergency Coordination

• Cross-Sectoral Teams: Establish national multisectoral NCD working groups (e.g., merging health, disaster, and non-emergency planning).
• Inclusion in National Plans: Embed NCDs into UHC frameworks and national risk management policies.

F. Strengthening Governance and Financing

• Domestic & International Funds: Allocate contingency budgets for NCDs in emergencies; advocate for donor priorities.
• Legislative Protections: Expand UHC for refugees/displaced populations, ensuring access to long-term NCD care.

3. Key Conclusions

• A coordinated "all-hazards" approach integrating health systems and emergency response is essential.
• Digital tools, community engagement, and evidence-based kits (e.g., WHO PEN) are critical for service continuity.
• Greater involvement of PLWNCDs and advocacy ensures accountability and person-centered care.

4. Call to Action

• Governments, NGOs, and humanitarian agencies to prioritize NCDs in emergency financing and policy.
• Accelerate implementation of recommendations through regional workshops, toolkits, and accountability mechanisms.

References

• WHO Institutional Reports and Guidelines (e.g., HEPR Framework, NCD Kit, PEN).
• Academic Sources (e.g., Lancet Commission, Sphere Standards).
• Case Studies (e.g., Myanmar, Ukraine).