2021-11-29-国际危机组织-南海国际秩序的竞争愿景（英）_48页_535kb

Competing Visions of International Order in the South China Sea, a report by the International Crisis Group, examines the geopolitical tensions in the South China Sea through the lenses of China and the United States. The report highlights the sovereignty disputes, with China asserting expansive claims via the "nine-dash line," while the U.S. promotes a "rules-based international order" and the "Free and Open Indo-Pacific" framework. Key points include:

• Arbitration Ruling: A 2016 ruling by an ad hoc tribunal invalidated China's claims under UNCLOS, leading to Beijing's rejection and subsequent militarization.
• Strategic Competition: China seeks regional dominance for national security, while the U.S. aims to maintain post-WWII order, fueling a security dilemma.
• Recommendations: The U.S. should accede to UNCLOS and pressure China to comply, while both nations should engage in high-level dialogue to reduce conflict risks. Southeast Asian claimants are urged to cooperate through mechanisms like a Code of Conduct and joint resource management.

The report concludes that managing tensions requires adherence to international law, enhanced regional cooperation, and careful handling of great power rivalry to prevent escalation.