1999-12-31-世界卫生组织-2000_GYTS_Country_Report_Grenada_15页_123kb

报告摘要

Grenada Global Youth Tobacco Survey Summary

Introduction

Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable deaths from chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs), with WHO reporting over four million annual deaths globally. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), launched in 1998 by WHO and CDC, monitors youth tobacco use (aged 13-15) for cross-country comparisons and informs prevention policies. Grenada participated to assess youth tobacco use and guide control programs.

Objective

The survey aimed to document tobacco use prevalence (e.g., cigarettes, smokeless tobacco), understand students' attitudes and behaviors, and evaluate factors like susceptibility to use, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and awareness of prevention programs.

Methodology

A school-based survey used two-stage cluster sampling to select a nationally representative sample. Data was collected via self-administered questionnaires with technical support from CDC. Response rates were 92.5% for schools and 79.2% for students, analyzing data on Epi Info and SUDAAN.

Key Findings

Prevalence of Tobacco Use: 28% of students (34% males, 20.9% females) experimented with cigarettes. 16.4% were current users (9% smoked cigarettes, 11% used other tobacco products like hemp).
Demographics and Risk Factors: Higher experimentation and use in older grades (e.g., 42.4% in Grade 7); early initiation (33.9% started before age 10) increases smoking-related risks.
Attitudes and Perceptions: Many youth believe smoking boosts attractiveness and social connections (e.g., 35% of smokers think smoking makes boys look more attractive). Females show more susceptibility to social pressures.
Access and Availability: Most smoking occurs at home or with alcohol; 18.2% bought cigarettes, often without age restrictions.
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS): High exposure among smokers (59% at home, compared to 23% among non-smokers); increased public exposure (77% of smokers exposed).
Cessation: 72% of smokers desire to quit, and 70% have attempted cessation.
Media and Advertising: 72.8% saw anti-smoking messages, but pro-tobacco ads and brands influenced youth; messages were higher among females.
School Curriculum: 50.9% of students were taught smoking dangers, but only 36.5% discussed reasons for smoking.

Discussion

Early tobacco use and weak social norms contribute to higher experimentation, particularly among males. Access issues and lack of comprehensive education exacerbate the problem. Limitations include low response rates in primary schools and insufficient sample size for precise analysis.