2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Liberia_2021_country_profile_10页_375kb

Liberia MPOWER Report Summary from WHO (2021)

• WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control:

  • Signed on 25 June 2004, ratified on 15 September 2009.
  • Population: 505,677 in a low-income country.
  • National tobacco control programme exists with a dedicated agency and 2 full-time equivalent staff, but government expenditures on tobacco control were not specified.

• Tobacco Use Prevalence:

  • Recent surveys: Nationally representative for adolescents (GSSS 2017) but not for adults (last DHS 2013).
  • Estimated WHO age-standardized prevalence for 2019 shows higher male than female use; any tobacco use is around 9.1%, smoking among males is 14.0%, females 1.7%.

• Treatment for Tobacco Dependence (2020):

  • No comprehensive system: No quit lines or cost-covered cessation services; NRT not legally available or no coverage in health facilities, workplaces, or public clinics.

• Health Warnings on Tobacco Packages (2020):

  • No laws mandate warnings; no coverage for symbolism, misleading terms, or specific health effects; no plain packaging and no mandatory warning details.

• Anti-Tobacco Mass Media Campaigns (2018-2020):

  • National campaign occurred (aired on TV/radio), conducted by authorities, but no audience research or evaluation; part of government program.

• Advertising Bans (2020):

  • No bans on TV/radio, print, billboards, or online advertising; limited restrictions but not comprehensive for promotion or sponsorship.

• Taxation Policy (as of July 2020):

  • Taxes include excise and VAT; for most cigarettes, taxes account for 56.78% of retail price; affordability is low, with costs increasing based on GDP.

• Use of Earmarked Taxes:

  • No reporting on using tobacco tax revenues for health; excise taxes are mixed, with no inflation adjustments or zero sales of duty-free cigarettes.

• MPOWER Measures Overview (Compliance Focus P and E):

  • Monitoring: Lack recent, representative data on tobacco use.
  • Smoke-free Environments: No comprehensive subnational laws; at best partial bans.
  • Cessation Programmes: Minimal availability; no cost coverage for treatments or quit lines.
  • Smoking Bans: No enforcement score provided; compliance incomplete.
  • Affordability Trends: Cigarettes became less affordable between 2010 and 2020 due to cost increases.
  • Taxation Share: Not reported, but taxes constitute a significant portion (>50%) of cigarette retail price.