2023-11-21-IRENA-海上风能_专利洞察报告_59页_1mb

报告摘要

Offshore Wind Energy Patent Insight Report (November 2023)

Executive Summary Overview

Offshore wind energy is crucial for climate change mitigation (UN SDG 7 & 13).
Patent filings surged from 2006-2012, stagnated until 2017, and then rapidly increased.
Europe dominates, with China focusing on domestic markets.
Floating foundations, transportation, and green hydrogen (hybrid systems) are frontier areas.
Blades and rotor designs focus on reducing steel demand and enhancing circularity.
Rare earths are increasing; energy storage is growing, especially hydrogen-based solutions.
Grid infrastructure and protection are vital for market expansion.

Key Patent Trends

Patent Filings: 17,000+ patent families (2002-2022). Growth post-2015/2017, with IPFs as primary drivers.
Top Countries: China (domestic), Europe (EU countries), US, Japan, Republic of Korea.
Top Applicants: Vestas (DK), Siemens (DE), General Electric (US), Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (JP).
Citations: Strong citations from China (impact growing), reciprocal citations between Europe/US.

Results & Analysis by Technology

Fixed & Floating Foundations

Floating foundations lead (49% of IPFs), with USA as key innovator. Fixed (gravity, monopile) dominate.
Floating expands market into deeper waters, while fixed technologies evolve.

Towers

Tubular steel remains the standard, but circular alternatives (concrete, lattice) gain traction due to steel demand reduction.
Denmark, Germany, and USA lead.

Mechanical Power Transmission

Direct-drive systems rise due to efficiency, but rare earth dependency is a concern.
Gearbox remains relevant. Danish and German companies lead.

Blades & Rotors

Blades grow larger (<span class="hljs-number">--8 MW IRET</span>). Modular designs and recyclability are innovation focuses.
Denmark leads in segmentation and circular blade development.

Hybrid Systems & Energy Storage

Combining offshore wind with solar, wave energy shows lower IPF activity than storage options.
Green hydrogen (on-site electrolyzers) is a growing IPF segment, especially in the US.
Total offshore storage (hydrogen, air, battery, etc.) peaks in IPFs (2022).

Grid & Submarine Cables

Submarine cables show growing cost-saving potential with focus on HVDC.
Grid technologies support market expansion. France excels in cable conductors.

Conclusion & Policy Insights

Key growth areas: floating platforms, green hydrogen, tower redesign, blade sustainability.
Policy actions needed address market access, submarine cables, hybrid challenges, and rare earth supply chains.
Data-driven insights: dynamic IPF activity, market leader regions, and technology trends.
Unmet needs: innovation in materials, grid integration, hybridization, and recycling solutions.

Key Takeaways

Frontier Tech: Floating foundations, green hydrogen, underwater cables.
Sustainability: Circular economy measures are emerging across many technologies.
Market Leaders: Europe, USA, China dominate innovatively, but varying strategies (China domestic focus).

This summary distills 17,000+ patents into actionable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to accelerate offshore wind deployment via coordinated R&D and market actions.

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