2014年-世界发展银行全球_Building_the_Foundation_for_Healthy_Societies___Influencing_Multisectoral_Action_for_Health_Phase_One_Volume_1_Multisectoral_Opportunities_and_Constraints_Assessment_Tool_102页_1mb

Summary of "Building the Foundation for Healthy Societies: Influencing Multisectoral Action for Health. Phase One"

Core Content

This document is part of the World Bank Group's (WBG) Health, Nutrition, and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper Series, published in June 2014. It outlines the first volume of a knowledge product (KP) titled Building Healthy Societies: Influencing Multisectoral Action for Health, aimed at promoting a paradigm shift in how the WBG approaches health outcomes through collaboration across multiple sectors.

The KP is designed to support HNP task teams and their role in achieving the WBG's twin goals: eradicating extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity. It emphasizes the importance of multisectoral action in addressing the social determinants of health (SDH), which are key drivers of health outcomes. The document presents tools and case studies that demonstrate how cross-sector engagement can lead to improved health and development results.

Main Objectives

• Equip task teams with practical tools and best practices for effective multisectoral engagement.
• Develop a Multisectoral Opportunities and Constraints Assessment Tool (MOCAT) to guide the analysis of health-related issues across sectors.
• Provide case studies and resource sheets to illustrate successful multisectoral approaches and proven solutions.
• Foster learning and collaboration across WBG's Global Practices to support health outcomes.

Key Components

1. MOCAT Tool

• A framework for analyzing opportunities and constraints in multisectoral health action.
• The tool is designed to:
  • Identify key health equity outcomes.
  • Analyze data and benchmarks.
  • Highlight proven solutions.
  • Engage relevant sectors and stakeholders.
  • Determine optimal multisectoral actions.
• It is not meant to replace existing tools but to complement them by focusing on upstream determinants of health.

2. Case Studies

Four case studies were selected to illustrate the application of multisectoral action in health:

• Institutionalizing Road Safety Management in Argentina
• Social Protection and Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) in Mexico
• Multisectoral HIV and AIDS Responses
• Tobacco Tax Reform in the Philippines

These case studies provide real-world examples of how multisectoral collaboration can be structured and implemented effectively. They also offer key learning points that can be applied in other contexts.

3. Resource Sheets

These are brief documents that provide:

• Background information on key health issues such as indoor pollution, tobacco use, undernutrition, and road traffic accidents.
• Proven solutions and best practices from the WBG's own work.
• A pointer to existing knowledge rather than creating new content.
• Support for task teams in understanding how to engage with other sectors and apply evidence-based practices.

4. Background Paper

A paper that outlines the social determinants of health and the role of multisectoral action in addressing them. It includes examples of the double burden of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and discusses how the WBG can contribute to improving these outcomes through coordinated efforts.

Main Views and Findings

• Multisectoral action is essential for achieving health outcomes, especially in the context of global challenges such as urbanization, NCDs, road safety, and climate change.
• The WBG's 2007 HNP Strategy laid the groundwork for integrating health into broader development strategies.
• The 2012 Public Health Policy Note reinforced the need for multisectoral engagement and upstream interventions.
• The MOCAT is a key product of this KP, designed to be a systematic and pragmatic tool for analyzing and addressing health issues across sectors.
• The case studies serve as practical examples of how multisectoral action can be implemented successfully, with lessons applicable to other countries and settings.
• Resource sheets are intended to be supportive materials for task teams, offering insights into proven interventions and best practices.

Key Information

• The KP is part of a series aimed at catalyzing multisectoral action within the HNP Global Practice.
• It was developed through a consultation process, including a literature review and pilot testing in two Indian states: Nagaland and Uttarakhand.
• The dissemination strategy is designed to reach WBG task teams, country policy makers, and stakeholders.
• The toolkit includes:
  • A framework for multisectoral action.
  • FAQs about the MOCAT.
  • Implementation notes on the broad SDH.
  • Guidance on specific topics such as nutrition, tobacco, and road safety.
• The audience includes:
  • Task Team Leaders (TTLs) and task teams.
  • Country directors and program leaders.
  • Stakeholders from various sectors and practices.

Conclusion

This document marks the first phase of a broader initiative to shift the WBG's approach to health outcomes from a sector-specific to a multisectoral one. It emphasizes the importance of coordination, data analysis, and learning from successful examples to improve health and development results. The MOCAT and associated case studies and resource sheets are intended to be complementary tools that support the Bank's mission to achieve universal health coverage (UHC) and shared prosperity through cross-sectoral collaboration.