世界银行-揭示多维贫困_来自欧盟的见解（英）-2025.1_66页_1mb

The European Union has seen improvements in living standards but persistent welfare disparities across regions and countries, with multidimensional poverty remaining a challenge. The analysis of four countries—Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, and Poland—reveals that Romania and Bulgaria have the highest AROPE rates (34.4% and 32.2% in 2022), while Croatia and Poland have lower rates (19.9% and 15.9%). Key drivers of multidimensional poverty include low education levels, unemployment, and being part of vulnerable households such as female-headed households or those with three or more children. The Roma population in Bulgaria faces disproportionately high poverty rates due to limited access to education, healthcare, and housing, exacerbating chronic and overlapping deprivations.

Bulgaria exhibits the largest intensity of overlapping deprivations, while Croatia and Poland have lower rates. Although absolute multidimensional poverty may decrease, the heterogeneity across regions requires context-specific policies. Targeted interventions promoting employment, quality education, healthcare access, and social protection are crucial. Addressing the Roma community's needs through ethnicity-disaggregated data and tailored policies remains a priority for reducing persistent poverty and its structural causes.