2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Regional_Profile_2017___Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_307页_2mb

Doing Business 2017: Equal Opportunity for All Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report, published by the World Bank Group, provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized businesses across 190 economies. It evaluates the ease of doing business by measuring and tracking changes in regulations across 11 key areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report emphasizes equal opportunity for all, particularly highlighting the gender dimension in several indicators.

Main Points and Key Information

Methodology and Scope

• The report introduces new methodologies, including postfiling processes for paying taxes, which assess tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• It adds a gender component to three of the 11 indicators: starting a business, registering property, and enforcing contracts.
• For the first time, Somalia is included in the dataset, bringing the total number of economies to 190.
• The labor market regulation indicators are not included in the aggregate ease of doing business ranking but are presented in the economy profile.

Key Indicators Overview

Ease of Doing Business Ranking and Distance to Frontier Score

• Economies are ranked from 1 to 190 based on their ease of doing business.
• The distance to frontier score (0–100) shows the absolute distance from the best performance in each indicator.
• The ranking is based on the aggregate distance to frontier score, rounded to two decimal places.
• The report distinguishes between absolute changes (distance to frontier) and relative changes (ease of doing business ranking).

Regional Insights (APEC)

• The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) region includes 25 economies.
• The APEC regional average for ease of doing business is 68.76 (rank) and 82.82 (DTF score).
• New Zealand consistently leads in most indicators, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, and registering property.
• Korea, Rep. is noted for the best performance in getting electricity, trading across borders, and enforcing contracts.
• Somalia is newly included, improving the global coverage.

Focus on Gender Equality

• The report introduces a gender dimension in the starting a business, registering property, and enforcing contracts indicators.
• It evaluates the number of procedures, time, and cost for both men and women entrepreneurs.
• In some economies, women face additional procedures (e.g., spouse's consent), increasing the complexity and cost of starting a business.

Other Key Indicators

• Getting Electricity: The regional average is 65.9 days and 158.5% of income per capita. Korea, Rep. is the best performer.
• Registering Property: The regional average is 33.9 days and 4.0% of property value. New Zealand is the best performer.
• Getting Credit: The regional average is 69.76 DTF score and 36.8% of profit. New Zealand leads.
• Paying Taxes: The regional average is 70.33 rank and 76.48 DTF score. Hong Kong SAR, China is the best performer.
• Trading Across Borders: The regional average is 77.38 rank and 76.57 DTF score. Korea, Rep. and the United States are top performers.
• Enforcing Contracts: The regional average is 54.14 rank and 65.51 DTF score. Korea, Rep. is the best.
• Resolving Insolvency: The regional average is 45.14 rank and 65.80 DTF score. Japan and Finland are top performers.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report offers a detailed evaluation of the regulatory environment for businesses, with a special focus on gender equality and regulatory reforms. It provides comparative data across 190 economies and highlights key areas for improvement. The distance to frontier metric helps identify how close an economy is to the best regulatory practices, while the ease of doing business ranking reflects relative performance. The report is a valuable resource for policymakers aiming to improve business regulations and promote inclusive economic growth.