2011年-世界发展银行全球_Romania_-_Functional_Review___Ministry_of_Economy_Energy_Sector_and_Business_Environment_188页_2mb

Summary of the Functional Review of Romania's Ministry of Economy, Energy Sector and Business Environment

Core Content

This document presents the findings and recommendations of a functional review conducted by the World Bank on Romania's Ministry of Economy, Energy Sector, and Business Environment, as part of a broader public administration review. The review was requested by the Government of Romania and the European Commission and was carried out in May 2011. It outlines the challenges and opportunities facing the Ministry and the energy sector, and provides a detailed action plan for reform.

Main Views and Key Information

Context and Purpose

• The review was initiated to address Romania's challenges in maintaining sustainable economic growth and convergence with the EU.
• Romania joined the EU in 2007 and had previously implemented an exemplary energy strategy, but reform implementation stalled in 2007.
• The review emphasizes the need to restore investor confidence and ensure compliance with EU energy regulations.

Energy Sector Challenges

• The energy sector is central to the Ministry of Economy (MEC), with MEC's state-owned enterprises (SOEs) accounting for over 80% of its SOE portfolio.
• Key issues include the stalled implementation of the 2003 Road Map, lack of transparency in pricing, and the national champion strategy, which has discouraged private investment.

Key Reform Actions

Top Three Immediate Reform Actions

1. Cancellation of National Champions Plan: The Government should cancel the plan to create two national champions and restart the implementation of the 2003 Road Map.
2. Transparency in Bilateral Contracts: Public sector electricity generators and Romgaz should award contracts transparently and competitively, and renegotiate existing bilateral contracts to raise prices to market levels or terminate them.
3. Regulatory and Market Liberalization: ANRE and Transelectrica/Transgaz should implement the EU Third Energy Package, including liberalizing gas and electricity prices for non-residential consumers and ensuring regulatory independence.

Three Further 2011 Reform Actions

4. Transposition of Third Energy Package: Romania should transpose EU's Third Energy Package into national legislation and regulations.
5. Resumption of Market Liberalization: ANRE should resume energy market liberalization and remove regulated prices for non-residential consumers.
6. Comprehensive SOE Reform Program: The Government should initiate a SOE reform program, starting with Hidroelectrica, Nuclearelectrica, and Romgaz, including financial control transfer, board restructuring, professional management, and IPOs.

Other Priority Reforms

7. Streamlining MEC Functions: MEC should streamline its departments to reduce work overload and focus on energy security and strategy.
8. Allocation of EU Funds: Additional EU funds should be allocated to support renewable energy, energy efficiency, and energy infrastructure.
9. Inter-Ministerial Coordination: The Government should improve coordination of energy functions across ministries.
10. National Climate Change Strategy: A national climate change strategy should be prepared to align with EU objectives.

Institutional and Governance Recommendations

• The Ministry should improve its institutional set-up for business environment functions, consolidating them at a higher political level.
• The Department for the Business Environment should be redesigned to enhance its mission and responsibilities.
• Administrative capacities and regulatory tools should be strengthened to promote better governance and transparency.

Importance of EU Compliance

• Romania is in breach of the EU's 2003 Energy Package and missed the March 3, 2011 deadline for the Third Energy Package.
• Non-compliance with EU energy regulations has led to infringement proceedings and risks further legal action.
• The Review emphasizes the need for Romania to align its energy policies with EU standards to avoid penalties and attract investment.

Funding and Implementation

• The proposed reforms are ambitious and require substantial funding.
• The use of EU funds is recommended to support implementation, particularly in the areas of energy infrastructure and renewable energy.
• Technical assistance is needed to ensure successful execution of the reform actions.

Conclusion

The review highlights the urgent need for Romania to address structural and institutional challenges in its energy sector and business environment. It recommends a clear, transparent, and market-oriented approach to reform, with a focus on restoring investor confidence, improving governance, and ensuring compliance with EU regulations. The proposed action plan includes both immediate and long-term steps, with the aim of enhancing economic growth, energy security, and sustainable development.