卡内基国际和平基金会-Need-to-Know-The-Case-for-Oil-Transparency-in-California_3页_5mb

Mapping California's Oil Climate Risks Summary

Core Content

This document provides an analysis of the climate risks associated with different types of oil in California, categorized by their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensities and production volumes. It highlights the risks posed by various oil fields and refineries, offering insights into their environmental impact based on modeled data.

Risk Categories and Criteria

The oil fields in California are classified into five risk categories based on their GHG emissions and production levels:

• High Risk: Critical Climate Oils

  • Criteria: Total Emissions > 600 kg CO₂ equivalent per barrel and Production Volume > 60,000 barrels per day
  • Description: These oils pose the highest climate risks due to their elevated GHG emission intensities and high production volumes.
  • Examples: Midway Sunset, Kern River, and South Belridge

• Medium Risk: High GHG Oils

  • Criteria: Total Emissions > 600 kg CO₂ equivalent per barrel and 60,000 barrels per day > Production Volume > 8,000 barrels per day
  • Description: These oils have medium climate risks because of their high GHG emission intensities and moderate production volumes.
  • Examples: San Ardo, Coalinga, and Wilmington

• Medium Risk: High Production Oils

  • Criteria: Total Emissions < 600 kg CO₂ equivalent per barrel and Production Volume > 8,000 barrels per day
  • Description: These oils have medium climate risks due to their high production volumes and moderate GHG emission intensities.
  • Examples: Ventura, Lost Hills, and Cymric

• Potential Risk: Enhanced Recovery Oils

  • Criteria: Total Emissions > 525 kg CO₂ equivalent per barrel and Production Volume < 8,000 barrels per day
  • Description: These oils pose potential climate risks, depending on future use of enhanced oil recovery techniques. They currently have lower production volumes but could increase their emissions and production in the future.
  • Examples: Huntington Beach, Arroyo Grande, and Raisin City

• Potential Regional Risk

  • Criteria: Total Emissions < 525 kg CO₂ equivalent per barrel and Production Volume < 8,000 barrels per day
  • Description: These oils have the lowest climate risks at present but may pose regional risks in terms of relative climate and air quality impacts.
  • Examples: North Belridge, South Elwood Offshore, and Beverly Hills

California Refineries

• Estimated Daily Emissions: 60,000 metric tons CO₂ equivalent per day
• Description: California has 15 refineries with the highest daily crude throughputs reported by the California Energy Commission. However, these refineries do not report which oils they refine, and oil assays are not available, so the average refining GHG emission intensity for all Californian proxy oils was used to estimate emissions.
• Need for Transparency: Greater data transparency is required to model and track individual refinery GHG emission intensities.
• Data Source: Refinery configurations were selected based on data from the 2016 World Refining Survey by Oil & Gas Journal.
• Additional Consideration: The refining emissions estimates also include the average end use product combustion for all California proxy oils modeled.

Key Information

• High Risk Oils: Critical Climate Oils are the most concerning due to their high emissions and production.
• Medium Risk Oils: High GHG Oils and High Production Oils are categorized as medium risk, each based on different factors.
• Potential Risk Oils: Enhanced Recovery Oils and Potential Regional Risk oils are considered lower risk but require monitoring due to possible future impacts.
• Refinery Emissions: Refineries are a significant source of emissions, and more detailed data is needed to accurately assess their individual impacts.
• Interactive Tools: The document suggests interactive maps and data listings for further analysis and comparison.

Conclusion

The document emphasizes the importance of understanding and mitigating the climate risks associated with different oil types in California. It highlights the need for improved data transparency and reporting, especially for refineries and potential risk oils, to better model and track their environmental impacts.