2026年世界能源统计年鉴第75版_88页_12mb

2026 Statistical Review of World Energy - 75th Edition Summary

Core Content

The 75th edition of the Statistical Review of World Energy offers a comprehensive analysis of global energy trends, highlighting the increasing role of renewables, the impact of geopolitical tensions, and the evolving strategies of major energy consumers to enhance energy security.

Main Points

• Global Energy Demand Growth: In 2025, total energy supply (TES) surpassed 600EJ, with a 1.7% increase compared to 2024. Renewables were the largest contributor to this growth, accounting for 71% of the increase in TES, with solar power leading the charge at 30% year-on-year growth.

• Electricity Demand Surpassing TES: Electricity demand rose by 3% in 2025, outpacing total energy supply growth. Solar became the largest source of power generation, with a 8.7% share of total power generation, surpassing wind (8.4%) for the first time. Wind power also saw significant growth at 8.2%.

• Carbon Emissions: Global $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ emissions from the energy sector increased by 1.1% to 35,806.2 million tonnes. The US was the largest contributor to the rise, with emissions increasing by over four times that of China. Europe's emissions rose by 0.5%, while North America saw the second-largest regional growth at 2.7%. Carbon intensity of energy in North America increased, making it the only region to do so.

• Oil and Gas Trends: Global oil consumption grew by 1.3% in 2025 to 103mmbpd. Non-OECD countries saw higher growth, while OECD growth slowed. The US emerged as a major oil and gas producer, with production surpassing consumption. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz in early 2026 highlighted global reliance on fossil fuel imports, with India, China, and Europe importing over 70% of their oil and gas consumption.

• Natural Gas: Natural gas consumption grew by 1.6% in 2025, the second-largest increase after renewables. Demand was concentrated in Europe, the Middle East, and North America, while Asia-Pacific saw flat consumption. The US became a net exporter, with LNG exports increasing by 27%.

• Coal: Global coal consumption rose by 0.7% in 2025. China and the US saw growth, while India's coal consumption increased at a slower rate (0.6%) than the 10-year average. China remains the world's largest coal producer.

• Energy Security and Renewables: Renewables have become a key tool for energy security, especially after the 1970s oil shocks. The EU accelerated its renewable energy deployment post-Ukraine invasion, with wind and solar contributing 30% of electricity supply in 2025. This shift reduced reliance on fossil fuels, with gas generation falling by 15% and coal by 38%.

• Regional Overview:

  • Europe: Reliant on imports for 55% of its gas supply, with LNG imports from the US declining and Russian imports remaining significant. The region's gas demand fell by 23% from 2005 levels.
  • US: Became a major net exporter of oil and gas, with strong domestic production and a significant refining capacity. The US has the second-largest share of global refining capacity.
  • China: Increased domestic production of gas and coal, but still relies heavily on oil imports. The country also maintains the largest coal reserves and production globally.
  • India: Remains a major importer of oil and gas, but has seen strong growth in domestic coal production, covering 78% of its demand.

• Energy Transition Challenges: The transition to low-carbon systems is marked by rising geopolitical risks and divergent national strategies. While renewables are scaling rapidly, challenges in grid infrastructure, storage, and flexibility remain. The data also highlights the uneven pace of renewable deployment across regions, with some markets experiencing rapid growth while others face constraints.

Key Insights

Insight 1: Import Dependence and Exposure

• Global energy import dependence has remained high, with 22% of energy consumption met through net imports.
• Europe reduced its reliance on Russian gas but still faces supply risks. The US has significantly reduced its import dependence through domestic production.
• China has strengthened its domestic supply of gas and coal but remains reliant on oil imports.
• India continues to be a major importer of oil and gas.

Insight 2: The Impact of the 1970s Oil Shocks

• The 1970s oil shocks led to a permanent shift in global energy patterns, reducing oil's dominance and increasing energy diversification.
• These shocks resulted in significant price volatility and long-term changes in energy demand, with oil consumption growth slowing from 7.8% to 2.2% per year.
• The EU and other major economies have not fully recovered oil consumption levels from the 1970s, with the US and Canada taking 20 years to return to pre-shock levels.

Insight 3: Renewables as a Tool for Energy Security

• Renewables, particularly solar and wind, have become central to energy security strategies.
• The EU's rapid deployment of solar and wind has saved €72bn in fossil fuel imports between 2022 and 2025.
• Solar has been adopted as a consumer-driven solution in countries like Pakistan, where it now accounts for 22% of electricity generation.
• Battery storage is still lagging behind solar deployment, but is in a stage of explosive growth, with global installed capacity increasing by 66% in 2025.

Conclusion

The 75th edition of the Statistical Review of World Energy underscores the accelerating shift toward renewable energy and the growing importance of energy security in a volatile geopolitical landscape. While renewables are becoming more cost-effective and widely adopted, the global energy system continues to face challenges in scaling infrastructure and managing the transition effectively. The report serves as a critical reference for policymakers and businesses navigating this complex and evolving energy landscape.