战略与国际研究中心-Restructuring-National-Security-Organizations-and-Decisionmaking_26页_19mb

Summary of the FY2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA)

Core Content

The FY2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), H.R. 4909, is a critical piece of legislation that addresses the readiness and strength of the U.S. military. It is designed to restore preparedness, improve agility, and ensure the military is equipped to meet current and emerging threats.

Main Points

Funding Levels

• DOD Discretionary Base Budget: $523.6 billion
• DOE Discretionary Base Budget: $19.5 billion
• Defense-Related Activities: $0.3 billion
• FY17 Base Budget NDAA Topline: $543.4 billion
• Overseas Contingency Operations for Base Requirements: $23.1 billion
• FY17 Funded Base Budget Requirements: $566.5 billion
• Overseas Contingency Operations: $35.7 billion
• FY17 Discretionary NDAA Topline: $602.2 billion
• Defense Mandatory Spending: $8.3 billion
• FY17 NDAA Topline: $610.5 billion

The total funding for defense in the House bill matches the level proposed by President Obama's budget.

Restoring Readiness

• The military faces a readiness crisis due to declining resources, high operational tempo, and outdated equipment.
• The Chairman's proposal includes significant investments to improve readiness, including:
  • Troop End Strength: Preserving the active duty Army at 480,000, adding 3,000 Marines and 4,000 Airmen.
  • Pay Raise: Fully funds the 2.1% pay raise for troops, matching the Entitlement Cap Index (ECI), and blocks the President's ability to reduce troop pay.
  • Training and Maintenance: Fully funds over $2.5 billion in unfunded training and maintenance needs, including maximizing flight training hours.

Equipment and Platforms

• The proposal includes investments to modernize and replace outdated equipment, such as:
  • F-35s: Authorizing 48 F-35A, 18 F-35B, and 8 F-35C aircraft.
  • F/A-18s: Authorizing 16 F/A-18 E/F aircraft.
  • Aviation Restructure Initiative (ARI): Restoring 24 UH-60 Blackhawks and 5 AH-64 Apaches, and adding 12 more Blackhawks, 14 more A-10s, and 17 LUH aircraft.
  • Critical Munitions: Investing $592 million to address war reserve shortfalls.
  • Other Assets: Including 36 UH-60 Blackhawks, 5 Apaches, 6 C-130J aircraft, 18 MV-22 aircraft, and 3 additional C-130J aircraft.

Maintenance and Facilities

• The proposal increases funding for depot maintenance and facility sustainment:
  • Navy Ship and Aircraft Depot Maintenance: $12.565 billion (up $530 million)
  • Air Force Depot Maintenance: $10.580 billion (up $160 million)
  • Facilities Sustainment: Supports 90% of requirements, up 19% from the President's budget.
  • Facilities Restoration & Modernization: Supports 88% of requirements, up 19% from the President's budget.
  • Navy Cruiser Modernization: $160 million
  • Marine Corps Logistics: $67 million

Health Care Reform

• The proposal includes several reforms to the Military Health System (MHS):
  • Simplifies TRICARE Options: Two comprehensive options (Tricare Prime and Tricare Preferred).
  • Expands Access to Care: Eliminates urgent care referrals, extends clinic hours, and expands public-private partnerships.
  • Improves Beneficiary Experience: Standardizes appointment scheduling, increases first-call resolution, and expands telehealth and secure messaging.
  • Ensures Quality Care: Uses Medicare and Medicaid metrics and value-based purchasing strategies.
  • Strengthens Military Healthcare Professionals: Establishes new trauma centers and enhances training opportunities.

Acquisition Reform

• The proposal includes foundational reforms to improve the acquisition process:
  • Open Architectures: Weapon systems designed to be easily upgraded.
  • Flexible Funding: Encourages experimentation and new technology development.
  • Simplifies Program Management: Clarifies responsibilities between DOD and the Services.
  • Transparency and Oversight: Establishes an "Acquisition Scorecard" and grants Milestone Decision Authority to Military Services after October 1, 2019.

Cyber Security

• The proposal fully funds $6.7 billion for cyber operations, a $900 million increase.
• It prioritizes the readiness of the Cyber Mission Forces, including 133 teams across the Services.
• Includes special procurement authority for cyber attack recovery and network resiliency.
• Supports the development of a new security clearance Information Technology architecture.

Strategic and Operational Reforms

• Goldwater-Nichols Reforms: Expands accountability, oversight, integration, and strategic thinking.
• Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS): Extends the term from 2 to 4 years, expands advisory role, and requires a National Military Strategy (NMS).
• Combatant Commands: Elevates U.S. Cyber Command (CYBERCOM) to a unified command and directs GAO to review its dual-hat responsibility.
• Command Structure: Reduces the rank of service and functional component commanders to Three Stars.

Selective Service

• The proposal requires an assessment of the Department of Defense's responsibilities in the event of a mass mobilization without the Selective Service system.

Third Offset Strategy

• Supports the development of the Third Offset Strategy to counter Russian and Chinese military advancements.
• Emphasizes strategic thinking on deterrence, including conventional and nuclear aspects.
• Encourages private sector partnerships and technology transfer.

Future Military Capabilities

• Next-Generation Patriot Radar System: Withholds funding until the Army develops a new acquisition strategy.
• B-21 Stealth Bomber: Fully authorizes RDT&E for the new bomber program to recapitalize aging B-1 and B-52 fleets.
• A-10 Aircraft: Prohibits retirement or storage of A-10s in FY2017 and requires reports on F-35 and A-10 capabilities.

Key Information

• The proposal is a response to the readiness crisis, stemming from budget cuts and insufficient resources.
• It emphasizes the importance of funding for personnel, training, maintenance, and procurement to ensure the military is prepared for missions.
• The Chairman believes that while the President's budget cuts are harmful, the military must be ready for contingency operations.
• The proposal includes both funding increases and structural reforms to improve efficiency, transparency, and capability.
• It also focuses on modernizing equipment, improving health care, and strengthening the acquisition process to support future military needs.