2022-07-27-世界卫生组织-WHO_s_Response_to_the_Ukraine_Crisis_40页_2mb

WHO’s Response to the Ukraine Crisis: Interim Report (February to June 2022)

Core Content

The World Health Organization (WHO) has been actively responding to the Ukraine crisis since its escalation into a Grade 3 emergency on 25 February 2022, with the aim of minimizing harm, sustaining health services, and ensuring the well-being of all people affected by the conflict and displacement. The response has focused on strengthening access to emergency and critical medical care, preventing and responding to infectious diseases, reinforcing health information systems, and ensuring effective coordination of humanitarian interventions.

Key Statistics

• 6.2 million people are internally displaced in Ukraine.
• Over 8.2 million refugees have left Ukraine for surrounding countries by 28 June 2022.
• More than 5.5 million displaced people have returned to Ukraine.
• 323 attacks on health care have been reported and verified by WHO between 24 February and 29 June 2022.
• 4731 civilian deaths and 59 injuries have been recorded.
• >8 million refugees have left Ukraine for surrounding countries.
• ~11,839 patients have been treated with trauma and emergency surgery kits (TESK).
• ~310,000 people with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been supported with NCD kits (NCDK).
• ~1.25 million patients have been treated with interagency emergency health kits (IEHK).
• ~11,821 consultations have been provided by mental health and psychosocial support services.
• ~1.18 million consultations were provided by WHO-coordinated Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs), with 60% female and 1% pregnant patients.
• 99 medical evacuations have been conducted to EU hospitals with WHO support.
• ~1.25 million patients were treated through IEHK.
• ~1750 patients were supported with rehabilitation kits.

Main Objectives and Activities

Specific Objective 1: Strengthen Access to Emergency and Critical Medical Care

• Supported over 80 EMTs in Ukraine, Poland, and the Republic of Moldova.
• Established a Trauma & Rehabilitation operational working group to coordinate EMT activities across 13 oblasts.
• Supported the MoH in setting up three health hubs in western Ukraine to assist with emergency medical evacuations.
• Distributed 700 sets of PPE to priority areas.
• Launched a project with the Academy of Family Medicines in Ukraine (AFMU) to improve primary health care and address NCDs using mobile health units (MHUs).
• Provided 20 all-terrain ambulances to the MoH.

Specific Objective 2: Prevent and Respond to Infectious Diseases

• Reduced infectious disease transmission through immunization and support for the national response to the ongoing pandemic.
• Prepositioned 5000 rapid diagnostic tests for cholera and other diseases.
• Supported blood transfusion and emergency nursing care in conflict settings.

Specific Objective 3: Reinforce Emergency Health Information and Surveillance

• Provided regular, timely, and accurate health data to support evidence-based decision-making.
• Health information systems were maintained to monitor health status, threats, and system performance.

Specific Objective 4: Ensure Effective Coordination of Humanitarian Interventions

• Strengthened coordination between WHO and local and international partners.
• Improved access to quality health services for vulnerable populations.
• Supported the development of agreed processes and technical guidance for the National EMT Coordination Unit.

Activities in Refugee-Hosting Countries

WHO has also supported refugee-receiving countries such as Bulgaria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, the Republic of Moldova, Romania, and Slovakia to ensure the provision of health services to displaced populations.

Logistics and Supply Chain

• Established a logistics hub and air bridge by 2 March 2022.
• Delivered 654 metric tonnes of medical supplies to Ukraine by 30 June 2022, including TESK, IEHK, and NCDK.
• 432 metric tonnes reached their intended destinations, and 222 metric tonnes were in transit.
• 15 diesel generators were delivered to support hospital operations.
• A pressure swing absorption (PSA) oxygen plant was built in Kyiv oblast.
• Prepositioned contingency stocks of medical supplies in Odeska and Poltava.
• Ongoing efforts to deliver supplies from Lviv to affected areas, despite fuel shortages and security restrictions.

Mental Health and Psychosocial Support

• Technical support and guidance were provided for the First Lady of Ukraine’s mental health initiative.
• Framework for prioritized multisectoral mental health actions was developed with the MoH and MHPSS TWG.
• 21 Community Mental Health Teams were trained to manage stress-related mental health conditions.
• Online mental health training course was developed using the WHO mhGAP Intervention Guide.
• WHO chaired the national MHPSS TWG and supported four sub-groups at the oblast level.
• 270 partners have joined the MHPSS response since 24 February 2022.

Challenges and Future Plans

• Continued challenges include ensuring safe medical evacuation, maintaining health services, and addressing both existing and emerging needs.
• Future plans include:
  • Transitioning from emergency kits to bulk item deliveries.
  • Strengthening emergency medical response with ambulances and trauma kits.
  • Establishing a pipeline for rehabilitation kits.
  • Supporting national procurement for economic rebuilding.
  • Sustaining mobile health services.
  • Covering the gap in HIV treatment in Eastern Ukraine.
  • Increasing OSL team mobility and presence in oblasts.
  • Continuing coordination of Health Cluster initiatives.

Conclusion

WHO's response to the Ukraine crisis has been extensive and multi-faceted, focusing on the immediate and long-term health needs of the population. The organization has worked closely with the Ukrainian Ministry of Health and international partners to deliver essential medical services, protect health systems, and support the mental health and psychosocial needs of those affected. The response has been critical in preventing the collapse of the health system and ensuring that millions receive the care they need.