2012-09-19-皮尤-Rising_Tide_of_Restrictions_on_Religion_86页_5mb

Key Findings Summary

• Overall Restrictions: Between 2009–2010, global religious restrictions increased significantly. The percentage of countries with high or very high religious restrictions rose from 31% to 37%, with over 75% of the world’s population living in nations with substantial restrictions.

• Global Christian and Muslim Groups: Christians experienced harassment in 111 countries, a four-year high, while Muslims faced harassment in 90 countries, reflecting widespread societal and government-related issues.

• Social and Governmental Restrictions: Compared to 2009, restrictions and hostilities rose in all regions, with the highest increases in the Middle East-North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia-Pacific, where government actions were particularly pronounced.

• Country-Specific Trends: Countries like Indonesia, Nigeria, and Russia reported rising tensions and restrictions. In the U.S., government restrictions shifted from moderate to moderate-high due to enhanced legal actions against religious practices, such as land-use policies affecting houses of worship.

Summary: The report documents a global rise in religion-related restrictions, driven by government bans, societal persecution, and increased religious violence. These trends are often tied to escalating tensions within religious communities, particularly in response to conversion-related conflicts and militant extremism.