2012年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2012___Armenia_105页_2mb

Summary of Doing Business 2012: Armenia

Core Content

The Doing Business 2012 report evaluates the ease of doing business in Armenia by analyzing 10 key areas of business regulation. It provides a comprehensive ranking and benchmarking of these indicators across 183 economies, offering insights into the regulatory environment and identifying areas for improvement. The report highlights the procedures, time, and cost required to start and operate a business, as well as the legal and institutional framework that supports entrepreneurship and investment.

Key Indicators and Rankings

| Dealing with Construction Permits | 57 | 95 | - | Hong Kong SAR, China (1) |
| Procedures (number) | 18 | 19 | - | Denmark (5) |
| Time (days) | 79 | 136 | - | Singapore (26)* |
| Cost (% of income per capita) | 57.1 | 122.4 | - | Qatar (1.1) |

| Getting Electricity | 150 | 148 | - | Iceland (1) |
| Procedures (number) | 6 | 6 | - | Germany (3)* |
| Time (days) | 242 | 242 | - | Germany (17) |
| Cost (US$ per container) | 257.8 | 278.9 | - | Malaysia (450) |

| Registering Property | 5 | 4 | - | New Zealand (3) |
| Procedures (number) | 3 | 3 | - | Portugal (1)* |
| Time (days) | 7 | 7 | - | Portugal (1) |
| Cost (% of property value) | 0.3 | 0.3 | - | Slovak Republic (0.0) |

| Getting Credit | 40 | 45 | - | United Kingdom (1)* |
| Strength of legal rights index (0-10) | 6 | 6 | - | New Zealand (10)* |
| Depth of credit information index (0-6) | 6 | 5 | - | Japan (6)* |
| Public registry coverage (% of adults) | 23.7 | 16.9 | - | Portugal (86.2) |
| Private bureau coverage (% of adults) | 46.6 | 38.3 | - | New Zealand (100.0)* |

| Protecting Investors | 97 | 93 | - | New Zealand (1) |
| Extent of disclosure index (0-10) | 5 | 5 | - | France (10)* |
| Extent of director liability index (0-10) | 2 | 2 | - | Singapore (9)* |
| Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10) | 8 | 8 | - | New Zealand (10)* |
| Strength of investor protection index (0-10) | 5.0 | 5.0 | - | New Zealand (9.7) |

| Paying Taxes | 153 | 159 | - | Canada (8) |
| Payments (number per year) | 34 | 50 | - | Norway (4) |
| Time (hours per year) | 500 | 581 | - | Luxembourg (59) |
| Cost to export (US$ per container) | 1815 | 1665 | - | Malaysia (450) |
| Cost to import (US$ per container) | 2195 | 2045 | - | Malaysia (435) |

| Enforcing Contracts | 91 | 64 | - | Luxembourg (1) |
| Time (days) | 440 | 285 | - | Singapore (150) |
| Cost (% of claim) | 19.0 | 19.0 | - | Bhutan (0.1) |
| Procedures (number) | 49 | 49 | - | Ireland (21)* |
| Recovery rate (cents on the dollar) | 40.3 | 40.6 | - | Japan (92.7) |

| Resolving Insolvency | 62 | 56 | - | Japan (1) |
| Time (years) | 1.9 | 1.9 | - | Ireland (0.4) |
| Cost (% of estate) | 4 | 4 | - | Singapore (1)* |
| Recovery rate (cents on the dollar) | 40.3 | 40.6 | - | Japan (92.7) |

Main Points and Analysis

• Ease of Doing Business: Armenia ranks 55th out of 183 economies in the overall ease of doing business index. It has improved its ranking from 61 in 2011 to 55 in 2012.
• Starting a Business: It requires 3 procedures, taking 8 days and costing 2.9% of income per capita. Armenia has introduced a one-stop shop and online registration to streamline the process.
• Construction Permits: Requires 18 procedures, taking 79 days and costing 57.1% of income per capita. This is one of the more challenging areas for businesses in Armenia.
• Getting Electricity: One of the most difficult processes, requiring 6 procedures, taking 242 days and costing 257.8% of income per capita. It ranks 150th globally.
• Registering Property: Relatively easy, requiring 3 procedures, taking 7 days and costing 0.3% of property value. It ranks 5th globally.
• Getting Credit: Moderate difficulty, with a strength of legal rights index at 6 and depth of credit information index at 6. It ranks 40th globally.
• Protecting Investors: Requires 5 procedures, with an index score of 5.0. It ranks 97th globally.
• Paying Taxes: One of the most difficult processes, with 34 payments per year and 500 hours of compliance. It ranks 153rd globally.
• Trading Across Borders: Requires 5 documents to export and 8 to import, taking 13 days to export and 18 days to import. It ranks 104th globally.
• Enforcing Contracts: Moderate difficulty, requiring 49 procedures and taking 440 days. It ranks 91st globally.
• Resolving Insolvency: Requires 1.9 years and costs 4% of the estate. It ranks 62nd globally.

Key Reforms in Armenia

• DB2012: Introduced a one-stop shop for business registration and allowed online company registration.
• DB2011: No reform recorded.
• DB2010: Removed minimum capital requirements and the need for police approval to obtain a company seal; made registration forms available online.
• DB2009: No reform recorded.

Distance to Frontier

The distance to frontier measure shows how far an economy is from the most efficient practices. Armenia has made progress in some areas, such as starting a business and registering property, but still lags behind in others like getting electricity and paying taxes.

Comparative Performance

Armenia's performance is generally better than some comparator economies (e.g., Bulgaria, Greece, Romania) but worse than others (e.g., Georgia, Portugal). It is closer to the frontier in some areas, such as registering property, but far behind in others, like getting electricity.

Conclusion

The report emphasizes that while Armenia has made some progress in improving its business environment, particularly in streamlining business registration, significant challenges remain in areas like getting electricity and paying taxes. The data support policy makers in identifying which reforms have worked and where further improvements are needed to enhance the business climate and support economic growth.